Types of organisations in Romania

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Types of organisation

	Name in local language	Registrable in commercial register / legal entity	Minimum capital	Sole shareholder company
Limited liability company	Societate cu raspundere limitata (SRL)	yes / yes	At incorporation RON 500 (approx. EUR 100); After the net turnover exceeds RON 400,000, minimum share capital becomes RON 5,000	Yes; an individual or a legal entity may be sole shareholder in more than one limited liability company. Maximum 50 shareholders.
Joint-Stock Company	Societate pe actiuni (SA)	yes / yes	At incorporation RON 90,000* (approx. EUR 17,680)	no (at least 2 shareholders)
Cooperative	Societate cooperativa	yes / yes	RON 500 (approx. EUR 100) at least RON 10 per share; each shareholder may hold maximum 20% of the share capital	no (at least 5 shareholders)
General partnership	Societate in nume colectiv (SNC)	yes / yes	no	no
Limited partnership	Societate in comandita simpla (SCS)	yes / yes	no	no
Partnership limited by shares	Societate in comandita pe actiuni (SCA)	yes / yes	RON 90,000* (approx. EUR 17,680)	no
Registered branch office	Sucursala	yes / no	n / a	n / a
Permanent establishment	Sediu permanent	no / no	n / a	n / a

* The Romanian Government is entitled to adjust the minimum capital requirement by statutory order every two years, so that it reflects the RON equivalent of EUR 25,000.

Exchange rate: EUR 1 = RON 5.0905 (average)

Key Romanian Company Law Updates Applicable as of 2026

■ Dividends (including interim dividends) may be distributed only if prior adjustments have been settled, accumulated losses are covered, and net assets remain above 50% of the share capital.

■ Where net assets fall below 50% of the share capital, both dividend distributions and the repayment of shareholder loans are prohibited until the situation is remedied.

■ If net assets are not restored within two years, shareholder loans must be converted into share capital, and the company may be exposed to dissolution risks. Non-compliance may trigger fines ranging from RON 10,000 to RON 300,000.

■ Transfers of shares in limited liability companies are enforceable against the tax authorities only upon timely notification, submission of a tax clearance certificate, or provision of guarantees covering outstanding tax liabilities.

■ Taxpayers must maintain an active bank account in Romania or an account with the State Treasury throughout their operations; failure to comply may result in the taxpayer being declared inactive.