Double taxation agreements

Last reviewed 20 Jul 2023

Double taxation agreements

The right to taxation in the event of a sale of interests in property companies is subject to differing provisions. In accordance with the OECD Model Agreement, for those countries for which there is a “yes” in the real estate clause column, the right to taxation lies generally not with the country of residence of the seller but with the country in which the property is situated.

As regards withholding tax rates, a possible reduction must be taken into account when EU Directives (Parent-Subsidiary Directive, Interest and Royalties Directive) are applicable. These cases have not been included here.

A number of the Double Taxation Agreements include an exemption for interest in the case of government / State (or related) loans. These cases have not been included here.

Country	Effective date	Real estate clause	Dividends %	Interest %	Royalties %
Albania	27.06.1994	no	5/10	10	5
Algeria	31.01.2000	no	5/15	10	10
Armenia	27.02.2005	yes	10	5	10
Azerbaijan	20.01.2005	yes	10	10	10
Australia	04.03.1992	yes	15	10	10
Austria	01.04.2005	yes	5/15	5	5
Bangladesh	28.01.1999	yes	10/15	10	10
Belarus	31.07.1993	no	10/15	10	0
Brasil	not yet	yes	10/15	10/15	10/15
Belgium	29.04.2004	yes	10	5	5
Bosnia & Hercegovina	07.03.2016	yes	5/15	10	10
Bulgaria	10.05.1995	yes	10	10	5
Canada	30.10.2013	yes	5/15	10	10
Chile	30.12.2003	no	5/15	15	5/15
China	07.01.1989	no	10	10	10
Croatia	11.02.1996	yes	5/15	10	10
Cyprus	09.11.2012	no	0/5	5	5
Czech Republic	13.06.2012	no	5	5	10
Denmark	25.11.2010	yes	0/5/15	5	5
Egypt	16.07.2001	yes	12	12	12
Ethiopia	14.02.2018	yes	10	10	10
Estonia	09.12.1994	yes	5/15	10	10
Finland	11.03.2010	yes	5/15	5	5
France	12.09.1976	yes	5/15	0	10
Georgia	31.08.2006	yes	10	8	8
Germany	19.12.2004	yes	5/15	5	5
Greece	28.09.1991	no	-	10	10
Hungary	10.09.1995	no	10	10	10
Iceland	20.06.1999	yes	5/15	10	10
India	26.10.1989	yes	10	10	15
Indonesia	25.08.1993	yes	10/15	10	15
Ireland	22.12.1995	yes	0/15	10	0/10
Iran	01.12.2006	yes	7	10	10
Israel	30.12.1991	yes	5/10	5	5/10
Italy	26.09.1989	no	10	10	10
Japan	23.12.1982	yes	10	10	0/10
Jordan	22.04.1999	no	10	10	10
Kazakhstan	13.05.1995	yes	10/15	10	10
Kyrgyzstan	22.06.2004	yes	10	10	10
Kuwait	25.04.2000	no	0/5	5	15
Latvia	30.11.1994	yes	5/15	10	10
Lebanon	07.11.2003	no	5	5	5
Lithuania	19.07.1994	yes	5/15	10	10
Luxembourg	30.07.1996	yes	0/15	5	5
Macedonia	17.12.1999	no	5/15	10	10
Malaysia	05.12.1978	yes	5	10	8
Malta	24.11.1994	yes	10	5	5
Mexico	06.09.2002	yes	5/15	10/15	10
Moldavia	27.10.1995	yes	5/15	10	10
Mongolia	21.07.2001	yes	10	10	5
Montenegro	17.06.1998	no	5/15	10	10
Morocco	23.08.1996	yes	7/15	10	10
Netherlands	18.03.2003	yes	5/15	5	5
New Zealand	16.08.2006	yes	15	10	10
Nigeria	12.02.1999	yes	10	10	10
Norway	25.05.2010	yes	0/15	5	5
Pakistan	24.11.1975	no	15	0	15/20
Philippines	07.04.1997	yes	10/15	10	15
Portugal	04.02.1998	yes	10/15	10	10
Romania	15.09.1995	no	5/15	10	10
Russia	22.02.1993	yes	10	10	10
Saudi Arabia	01.06.2012	yes	5	5	10
Serbia	17.06.1998	yes	5/15	10	10
Singapore	06.02.2014	yes	5/10	5	2/5
Slovakia	21.12.1995	yes	0/5	5	5
Slovenia	10.03.1998	yes	5/15	10	10
Spain	06.05.1982	yes	5/15	0	10
South Africa	05.12.1995	yes	5/15	10	10
South Korea	21.02.1992	yes	5/10	10	5
Sri Lanka	14.06.2019	yes	10	10	10
Syria	23.12.2003	no	10	10	18
Sweden	15.10.2005	yes	5/15	0	5
Switzerland	25.09.1992	yes	5/15	10	10
Tajikistan	24.06.2004	yes	5/15	10	10
Thailand	13.05.1983	no	20	10	5/15
Taiwan	30.12.2016	yes	10	10	3/10
Tunisia	15.11.1993	yes	5/10	12	12
Turkey	01.04.1997	no	10/15	10	10
Ukraine	11.03.1994	yes	5/15	10	10
Uzbekistan	29.04.1995	no	5/15	10	10
United Kingdom	27.12.2006	yes	0/10	5	5
USA	23.07.1976	no	5/15	0	10
UAE	21.04.1994	yes	5	5	5
Vietnam	20.01.1995	yes	10/15	10	10/15
Zimbabwe	28.11.1994	yes	10/15	10	10
Qatar	28.12.2009	no	5	5	5

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Double taxation agreements